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1. The Portuguese Alphabet

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

X

Z

The Portuguese alphabet consists of 23 letters (18 consonants and 5 vowels).

The letters K, W and Y do not belong to the Portuguese alphabet, but they can be used in names (Wagner/Wilson/Yara/Amaury) or with international terms (kg/km/watt, etc.).

Remark: It is important to know how to pronounce the alphabet as sometimes you have to spell your name or ask people to spell something for you.

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2. Pronunciation Guide

The comparison with English words should help you pronounce the words correctly in Portuguese. Please note that not every sound can be reproduced in written form.

LETTER

PORTUGUESE

MEANING

SOUND

ENGLISH

A

aluno

student

sounds like [a]

father

alemã

German

nasal sound

--  

B

bala

candy

sounds like [b]

bay

C

casa

house

ca/co/cu sounds like [k]

key

cedo

early

ce/ci sounds like [s]

city

Ç

moça

young woman

ça/ço/çu sounds like [s]

city

CH

cheque

check

sounds like [sh]

she

D

data

date

sounds like [d]

day

E

letra, você

letter, you

sounds like [e]

them

leite

milk

sounds like [ee] at the end, if unstressed

cheese

festa, café

party, coffee

sounds like [e]

bed

F

faca

knife

sounds like [f]

for

G

gato

cat

ga/go/gu sounds like [g]

get

gelo

ice

ge/gi sounds like [g]

beige

GU

água

water

gua/guo sounds like [gw]

Nicaragua

português

Portuguese

gue/gui sounds like [g]

get

lingüiça

sausage

güe/güi sounds like [gw]

Nicaragua

H

hotel

hotel

h is always silent, except for borrowed words such as hall, hobby, etc.

--

I

camisa

shirt

sounds like [ea]

meat

J

jornal

newspaper

sounds like [g]

beige

L

laranja

orange

la/le/li/lo/lu sounds like [l]

like

Brasil

Brazil

al/el/il/ol/ul sounds like [w]

few

LH

trabalho

work

sounds like [ll]

million

M

mapa

map

sounds like [m]

more

bom

good

sounds between m and n, similar to the French word bon

--

N

nada

nothing

sounds like [n]

no

conta

bill

sounds like [n]

contract

NH

amanhã

tomorrow

sounds like [ng], similar to the French words Avignon and champagne

--

O

bonito, avô

pretty, grandfather

sounds like [o]

know

livro

book

sounds like [w or o] at the end, if unstressed

boo/know

moda, avó

fashion, grandmother

sounds like [aw]

law

P

pato

duck

sounds like [p]

pie

Q

quase

almost

qua/quo sounds like [kw]

quick

aqui

here

que/qui sounds like [k]

key

cinqüenta

fifty

qüe/qüi sounds like [kw]

quick

R

recibo

receipt

similar to [h] sound

holiday

honra

honor

similar to [h] sound, if preceded by n

holiday

carta

letter

sounds like [r], similar to the English or French r

morning or jour

caro

expensive

similar to [r] sound

Mary

RR

carro

car

similar to [h] sound

holiday

S

sopa

soup

at the beginning sounds like [s]

sea

cansado

tired

if preceded by l/n/r sounds like [s]

sea

inglês

English

after vowels sounds like [s]

must

casa

house

between vowels sounds like [z]

zero

SC

piscina

swimming pool

sce/sci sounds like [s]

sea

SÇ

desça

go down

sça/sço sounds like [s]

sea

SS

assado

roasted

sounds like [s]

sea

T

tomate

tomato

sounds like [t]

top

U

uva

grape

sounds like [w]

boo

V

você

you

sounds like [v]

verb

X

México

Mexico

sounds like [sh]

she

caixa

box/cashier

after ai/ei sounds like [sh]

she

táxi

taxi

sounds like [ks]

taxi

próximo

next

sounds like [s]

city

excelente

excellent

exce/exci sounds like [s]

city

texto

text

excl/exp/ext sounds like [s]

must

exame

exam

exa/exe/exi/exo/exu sounds like [z]

zero

Z

zero

zero

before a vowel sounds like [z]

zero

feliz

happy

after a vowel sounds like [s]

must

Remark: The letter x has several different pronunciations.

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